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На странице "Технологии" мы размещаем практически готовые наукоёмкие проекты, создавая мостик между разработчиками технологий и их потребителями. Авторы проектов получают почти бесплатную рекламу. Инвесторы - предложения от которых сложно отказаться. В выигрыше, по идее, должны быть все. Посмотрим, как получится на самом деле.
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Technical and economic proposal The
energy installation on the alternative energy sources The proposed energy installation is designed to
generate electricity and heat. The installation allows: -
Receive electrical and thermal energy without using any organic fuel; -
Absolutely environmentally friendly generation of electrical and heat
energy; -
The installation can be used on objects (housing, industrial and
agricultural) located far from the power supply centers; -
The energy installation can function practically in all regions from
northern to southern latitudes. To generate electricity, a wind-power engine and
photovoltaic panels are used. Thermal energy is obtained with the help of
solar collectors of a combined type. The solar collector of the combined type
consists of a heat-absorbing panel, a heat exchanger and a photovoltaic
panel. The energy installation comprises: a wind-power
engine, a generator block, a block of the photovoltaic panels, a solar
collector of the combined type and an energy conversion block for charging
the accumulator batteries. The energy installation includes a thermal
energy storage unit with a storage power of 6-7 kW. The unit is also equipped
with a tank for the heat carrier (water or aqueous solution of ethylene
glycol). The photovoltaic panels and the solar collector
of the combined type, as well as the impeller of the wind-power engine, are
mounted on a demountable base. The base of lightweight metal structures is
mounted on the roof of the working or living quarters. A version of the base for the energy
installation in the form of a separate structure was developed. The generator
unit and the conversion unit are installed in a separate container. 1. The main differences of the proposed energy
installation: 1.1. The impeller of the wind-power engine is
made with a vertical axis. The blades of the impeller have a conical profile
and a free attachment, ensuring the turn of the blade by 2-3° during
rotation; 1.2. The wind-power engine can normally
operate at a wind speed of 0.7 to 8.0 m / s. Provides protection of the
impeller from winds exceeding the speed of 50 km / h; 1.3. The solar collector of the combined type
consists of a heat-absorbing panel, a heat exchanger and a photovoltaic panel
that provides heating of the heat-carrying agent at night or inclement
weather; 1.4. The energy installation is equipped with
a small-sized accumulator of thermal energy, which is accumulated by a
eutectic solution; 1.5. The heat-absorbing panel the solar
collector of combined type and heat transfer elements of the heat accumulator
are made of heat pipes or closed two-phase thermosyphons; 1.6. Depending on the location of the energy
installation, photovoltaic panels of flat or conical shape are used, and can
be made of flexible thin-film materials; 1.7. The energy installation can be equipped
with a refrigeration machine (vapor compression or absorption refrigeration machine)
with a refrigerating capacity of up to 10-12 kW with a boiling point of the
refrigerant in the evaporator of -10°C and a condensation temperature of +
35°C. 2. The main technical parameters
and advantages of the energy installation: 2.1. Depending on the requirements of the
customer, the total capacity of the installation can range from 5.2 kW to 16
kW. One solar collector of the combined type (standard sizes) generates
1.8-2.2 kW of thermal energy and 0.125 kW of electrical energy. Wind-powered
engine with the minimum dimensions of the impeller (diameter and height up to
0.5 m) makes it possible to obtain 1.5-2.1 kW of electric energy and a motor
with a 1.0 m diameter impeller and a height of 2.0 m produces about 6 kW of
electric power. Minimum number of photovoltaic panels 10-12 units and their
capacity is 1.3-1.4 kW of electric energy. 2.2. The main advantage of the energy
installation is the use of alternative energy sources: wind and solar; 2.3. The solar collector of combined type
with a heat-absorbing surface of 1.7 m2 has a thermal efficiency P
= 550 W / m2 (in winter) and P = 510 W / m2 (summer
period); 2.4. The photovoltaic panel of the solar
collector the combined type with a working surface of 1.1 m2
provides for a light day the accumulation of electrical energy of the order
of 55-65 A*h; 2.5. The wind-power engine can produce
electrical energy at a wind speed of 0.7 to 8.0 m / s and higher; 2.6. High thermal characteristics of solar
collectors of the combined type and accumulator of thermal energy are
provided by the use of heat pipes or two-phase thermosyphons; 2.7. To increase the thermal efficiency of
heat pipes and two-phase thermosyphons, as well as to expand the temperature
range of their operation, binary coolants are used in them; 2.8. The energy installation operates in an
autonomous mode. Control and regulation of work can be carried out remotely; 2.9. The consumption of generated electrical
energy for own needs (drive of pumps, fans) does not exceed 1-3%. 3. Areas of use of the energy installation: 3.1. Residential, agricultural and industrial
facilities located far from power supply centers; 3.2. Relay substations for radio and
television lines; 3.3. Container cold rooms for cooling and temporary
storage of vegetables and fruits; 3.4. Containers for the transport of products
installed on the automobile chassis; 3.5. Field health facilities and
mobile food enterprise; 3.6. For camps of geological
detachments. 4. Economic feasibility of the use and making
of the energy installation: 4.1. For the company of the developer and the
manufacturer, the economic efficiency is determined as follows: 4.1.1. For a manufacturer who produces two or
three types of energy installation a month (depending on the purpose of use
and placement) and the number of 4-5 units per month, the profit will be
about $ 100,000 - 150,000 per year; 4.1.2. When manufacturing an energy
installation, for example, for a container refrigerating chamber with a vapor
compression or absorption refrigeration machine in the amount of 12 units per
year, the estimated annual profit will be $ 190,000 - 200,000; 4.1.3. The profit of the enterprise can be
increased by 15-20% in the organization of the release of the replaced parts
and assemblies, as well as the organization of installation and commissioning
works; 4.1.3. The payback period from the
acquisition of new equipment and processing of technology in the manufacture
of serial models of energy installation for the manufacturer's enterprise
will be on the order of 2.0-2.4 years; 4.2. For a company or enterprise that
purchases an energy installation, the economic efficiency consists of the
following indicators: 4.2.1. The energy installation with an
average total capacity of 14 kW can produce 87,600 kWh of electric power and
24,190 kWh of heat energy per years; 4.2.2. For an energy installation with an
average total capacity of 14 kW at a cost of 1 kWh of purchased electric
energy of $ 0.08 and $ 0.16 of thermal energy, the minimum annual savings of
the enterprise will be about $ 11,000; 4.2.3. When using a energy installation for
producing cold (with of vapor compression or absorption refrigeration
machine), the annual savings will be about $ 25,000-27,000; 4.2.4. The period of continuous operation
(without mechanical damage and with planned inspection dates) is 12-15 years 4.2.5. The payback period of the energy
installation depends on the purposes of use and placement can be: 2.3-2.8
years; 5. On the structural design of a number
of elements of the energy installation, there are patent applications of
Israel № 204394 of 10.03.2010, № 220297 of 11/06/2012, and the patent of the
Republic of Lithuania LT № 6312 of 12.09.2016; |
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